C peptide is a short polypeptide, 31 amino acids long, that connects the A chain of insulin to the B chain of the proinsulin molecule. This peptide is also known as the connecting peptide. It is important for insulin function as it helps connect the two chains of the hormone.
C peptide levels can be used to assess insulin reserve. This peptide is secreted in equimolar concentrations with insulin in beta cells and is a valid measure of insulin secretion. Moreover, it can help differentiate between patients with and without hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemia, which is associated with decreased insulin secretion.
The C-peptide test is an important part of managing diabetes. This test measures the amount of insulin in your blood and urine. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas and helps the body transfer glucose into cells where it can be used for energy. The test can also help determine if you need to change insulin treatment to prevent a diabetic complication.
C-peptide has cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on cells. It inhibits the formation of reactive oxygen species, inhibits NAD(P)H oxidase, and enhances the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. However, more research is needed to determine if C-peptide has any health benefits.