There are several methods to prepare peptides in aqueous solution. The first method involves mixing the peptides with a solvent, such as acetic acid or acetonitrile. The peptides should be completely dissolved in the initial solvent before mixing them with water. Water is usually not suitable for peptide dissolution, and acetic acid or acetonitrile are generally more suitable.
The second method involves using a skin-care product that contains peptides. These products have been shown to improve the appearance of aging skin by helping to reduce fine lines and wrinkles. These creams should be applied to the skin after applying a toner. It is essential to follow the instructions for use, and they should be applied over the entire face and neck. However, they are not suitable for pregnant women and should not be used by women who are breastfeeding. Moreover, they may contain iodine and products derived from nuts.
A further method involves using a reverse phase HPLC to analyze the peptides. For this, the peptides were divided into two groups based on the charge states. For example, the peptides containing z = 1+ and z = 2+ were compared with those containing z = 3+ peptides. These peptides are classified according to their charge state and their concentration.
This method also involves the use of HLA-p to analyze peptides. The HLA-p protein is extracted from ten, thirty, and fifty million cells. The peptides produced by this method are linearly correlated with the number of cells in a sample. Peptides containing the same HLA-Ip ligand were detected in samples that possessed only one or two HLA-Ip molecules.